Бакалавриат
2022/2023
Введение в квантовые процессы и устройства
Статус:
Курс по выбору (Инфокоммуникационные технологии и системы связи)
Направление:
11.03.02. Инфокоммуникационные технологии и системы связи
Кто читает:
Департамент электронной инженерии
Когда читается:
4-й курс, 1, 2 модуль
Формат изучения:
без онлайн-курса
Охват аудитории:
для всех кампусов НИУ ВШЭ
Преподаватели:
Кроитору Михаил Дмитриевич
Язык:
английский
Кредиты:
4
Контактные часы:
28
Course Syllabus
Abstract
Курс по основам квантового транспорта: важная часть учебной программы
квантового направления для студентов ВШЭ, дает введение в современное состояние
предмета и будущие перспективы квантовых наноэлектронных систем. Студенты получат представления о теории квантового электронного транспорта, о работе квантовых устройств, включая устройства для квантовой обработки информации, включая сверхпроводниковые элементы.
Learning Objectives
- • The purpose of the first part of this course is to teach statistical mechanics and thermodynamics, with some degree of orientation towards students in (electronics, robotics and computer science) engineering and mathematics. Beyond the variety of central topics in statistical physics that are important to the general scientific education of the engineering student, special emphasis is devoted to subjects that are vital to the engineering education concretely. These include, first of all, quantum statistics, like the Fermi--Dirac distribution, as well as diffusion processes, which are both fundamental for understanding devices.
- Second part of the course "Introduction to Quantum Processes and Quantum Devices" is intended for engineering students and represents an accessible path from fundamental concepts in the field of quantum physics to modern topics, language and methods in the rapidly developing field of quantum transport as a subsection of condensed matter physics. The direct reflection of these processes in quantum devices is widely discussed within the framework of this course.
Expected Learning Outcomes
- Student knows the basics of kinetic Theory and the Maxwell Distribution
- Student knows the Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution
- Student knows the basics of collisions and what is the mean free path
- Student knows the basics of microscopic state. Phase trajectory
- Student knows the 1st postulate of thermodynamics
- Student knows the basics of microcanonical endemble
- Student knows what Density of states; Entropy; The second Law of thermodynamics; Heat; The first Law of thermodynamics; Chemical Potential
- Student knows the basics of the Canonical Ensemble and the Grand–Canonical Ensemble
- Student knows the basics of Quantum Statistics – the Fermi–Dirac Distribution; the Bose–Einstein Distribution
- Student knows the concept of the Fermi Energy
- Student knows the preliminary concepts of Quantum transport
- Student understands the basics of: heterostructures; two-dimensional electron gas (2-DEG); Mobility; Effective mass equation; Subbands; Band diagrams
- Student knows the basics of Degenerate and non-degenerate conductors; Equilibrium electron density; Fermi wave vector; Characteristic lengths; Momentum relaxation time; Mean free path; Phase-relaxation time; Phase-relaxation time (dynamic scatters)
- Student knows the basics of low-field magnetoresistance. Drude Model; High-field magnetoresistance; Origin of SdH oscillations
- Student understands why do discrete states form (classical)? When Landau levels are visible (classical)? When the SdH oscillations are manifested?
- Student understands the physics behind the formation of transverse modes
- Student knows how many electrons can fit into a Landau level
- Student knows the basics of conductance, what is the difference between the drift velocity or Fermi velocity? Quasi-Fermi level separation
- tudent knows the basics of homogeneous Bulk Semiconductors; Impurities; Impurities binding energy; Donor Impurities; Acceptor Impurities
- Student knows the basics of a p-n Junction; te p-n junction-based devices; Light-Emitting Diodes and Solar Cells; Metal-Oxide-SmC Field Effect transistors; Nanosize Silicon-on-Insulator MOSFET
- Student knows the basics of the Landauer – Buttiker formalism
Course Contents
- Lecture 1: Kinetic Theory and the Maxwell Distribution
- Lecture 2: Statistical Ensembles
- Lecture 3: The Canonical Ensemble and the Grand–Canonical Ensemble
- Lecture 4: Quantum Statistics – the Fermi–Dirac Distribution; the Bose–Einstein Distribution
- Lecture 5: Preliminary concepts of Quantum transport
- Lecture 6: Degenerate and non-degenerate conductors
- Lecture 7: Transverse modes
- Lecture 8: Conductance
- Lecture 9: Semiconductors
- Lecture 10: Semiconductor Devices
- Lecture 11: Landauer – Buttiker formalism
