Bachelor 2019/2020

Discrete Mathematics

Type: Compulsory course (HSE and University of London Double Degree Programme in Data Science and Business Analytics)

Area of studies: Applied Mathematics and Information Science

Delivered by: Big Data and Information Retrieval School

Where: Faculty of Computer Science

When: 1 year, 1-3 module

Mode of studies: distance learning

Instructors: Boris Radislavovich Danilov, Evgeny V. Dashkov

Language: English

ECTS credits: 8

Contact hours: 126

Course Syllabus

Abstract

The course encompasses many topics important for both computer scientists and practitioners from their earliest stages, which are not covered by more traditional basic courses like Calculus. These come from different branches of mathematics such as logic, combinatorics, probability theory etc. Pre-requisites: High school elementary algebra.

Learning Objectives

• To prepare students for studying the subsequent courses which use the set-theoretic, combinatorial, graph or probability formalism.
• To teach students how to identify a typical problem of Discrete Mathematics in a problem given, either applied or theoretical.

Expected Learning Outcomes

• Students will master basic concepts and methods of Discrete Mathematics as far as these are necessary for studying more advanced courses and for the future professional life.
• Students will develop skills in formalizing and solving applied problems using the methods of Discrete Mathematics.

Course Contents

• Propositional and predicate logic (an informal treatment). Structural induction and recursion for strings (an informal case study).
• Induction principle. Fundamental theorem of arithmetic. Euclidean algorithm. Continued fractions. Modular arithmetic. Linear congruences and Diophantine equations. Chinese remainder theorem. Fermat's little theorem, Euler’s theorem.
• Algebra of binary relations. Image of set. Special binary relations. Functions, bijections. Set equivalence. Indicator functions. Cantor’s theorem. Cantor–Schröder–Bernstein theorem. Cardinalities of sets \N^2, \Z, \Q, \R^2, \N^\N, \R^\N.
• Pigeonhole principle. Finite and countable sets. Countable union of countable sets. Rules of sum and product. Number of functions, injections, bijections. Number of subsets, binomial coefficients and their properties. Binomial and multinomial theorems. Multisets. Inclusion–exclusion principle with applications (surjections, derangements, Euler’s totient function).
• Special binary relations. Orderings. Order isomorphism. Lattices; chains and antichains. Equivalences and partitions. Counting chains and partitions for finite sets (Dilworth's theorem etc.).
• Graphs. Vertex degree. Isomorphism. Bipartite graphs. Matchings. Connected components. Trees. Spanning tree. Eulerian and Hamiltonian paths. Directed graphs. De Bruijn graphs.
• Formal languages. Monoid of words. Prefixes and suffixes. Semiring of languages. Inductive definitions. Regular bracket sequences and Catalan numbers.
• Classical probability model. Conditional probability, Bayes’ theorem. Random variable. Expectation and variance. Some inequalities. Combinatorial applications.
• Boolean functions and circuits. Clones. Functional completeness. Counting functions of various classes.

Assessment Elements

• Final exam
  A final written exam with open questions.Экзамен письменный. Экзамен проходит с прокторингом через Zoom в системе Moodle. Студенты получают задание, решают на бумаге, в конце загружают фотографии/сканы решений. Экзамен длится 2 астрономических часа. Во время экзамена разрешается пользоваться конспектами курса и любой литературой, но не советоваться с кем-либо. Если у студента случился обрыв связи продолжительностью менее пяти минут, он может продолжить написание экзамена (дополнительное время при этом не предоставляется). Если случился обрыв связи продолжительностью дольше 5 минут, то считается, что студент пропустил экзамен. В этом случае ему будет предложено без штрафов сдать экзамен устно в течение недели с момента данного экзамена.
• Homework
  Average grade for the homework will be included into the cumulative grade.
• Colloquiums
  The grade for the colloquium will be included into the cumulative grade.
• Cumulative Grade

Interim Assessment

• Interim assessment (3 module)
  0.7 * Cumulative Grade + 0.3 * Final exam

Bibliography

Recommended Core Bibliography

• Discrete mathematics, Biggs, N. L., 2004

Recommended Additional Bibliography

• Lovász, L., Pelikán, J., & Vsztergombi, K. (2003). Discrete Mathematics : Elementary and Beyond. New York: Springer. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=edsebk&AN=108108