«The principal courses of the United Nations Organization reforms»

Kereselidze P. The annotation to the research paper on the topic: «The principal courses of the United Nations Organization reforms»The research paper is devoted to the principal courses of the United Nations reforming, which since the mid-twentieth century to the present days has become an effective international organization and makes a decisive contribution to the formation of a new world nomocracy order. For this purpose, in the first chapter, based on the consideration of the UN Development from 1945 to 1991, the author has revealed its structure and the functions of its main divisions, made conclusions, regarding stages and directions of the reforms. The key issue in this process is the UN peacekeeping, including conflict prevention and mediation, peacemaking, peace enforcement and peace-building. The second chapter analyzes the transformation of the role and importance of the United Nations after the collapse of the bipolar structure of the world in 1991, discusses the steps and direction of the UN reforms from 1991 to the present days, including the peacekeeping aspect, undergoing significant changes in a growing number of local conflicts and the emergence of new threats and challenges to the world community. In the third chapter the author has designated the main problems and prospects of the UN activities in the XXI century. First of all, the question about the problems of adaptation to the political, economic, social and environmental challenges of the modern UN. The possible ways of its evolution are highlighted further. The current debate about the possible reform of the UN Security Council as a key structural element of the organization, which determines its legitimacy and functionality, as well as the problem of the UN financing were examined.