Investigation of the Characteristics of Measuring Instruments for Observations of Ionospheric by Tomography

This paper presents the characteristics of the atmosphere, its structure, various methods of monitoring its condition are considered, the technical characteristics and performance data monitoring tools are presented, and solar - terrestrial relations and their impact on technical systems and biological objects are considered. The characteristics of the current radio tomographic network are presented, as well as ionosphere monitoring subsystems, geophysical situation above the territory of the Russian Federation (RF) monitoring systems (Roshydromet radio tomography network), which includes low-orbital and high-orbital radio tomography receivers, its description and the physical basis of operation are given. During the research, there was a participation in the verification of data, obtained using the existing ionosondes network with data received from the radio tomography network. For the preparation of documentation and further testing for the purpose of type of measuring instruments approval most discussed in detail are the composition, mode of operation and functionality of the network signal receiver of low-orbital navigation and specialized spacecrafts (SC) (network receiver of onboard transmitters in low-orbital spacecrafts, as well as algorithms of network hardware and software recovery of tomographic cuts (2D - two dimensional) of ionospheric electron concentration (low-orbital tomography). An attempt to determine the possibility of using navigation receivers and receivers installed on Roshydromet radio tomographic network was made, in order to find new predictors of natural hazards, earthquakes, based on variations of pseudo positioning. Tested the possibility of a new environmental monitoring technology.