Social, Political and Cultural Problems in the Implementation of World Anti-Corruption Experience in Russia

The basic methodological defect in the implementation of world experience is that institutional features of the country importing practices, as well as exporting one, are often not considered. Science does not still gives a precise answer regarding the mechanisms of selection of the most viable institutions for a country. The purpose of the study based on the institutional approach is to identify institutional factors that hinder the implementation of the global anti-corruption experience in Russia, and in the search of a methodology for the selection of the most adaptable changes. In the work following tasks were set: 1) to determine what characteristics of institutional environment elements determining the prevalence of corruption; 2) to analyze anti-corruption practices, that can be implemented in the institutional environment of Russia with not significant counteractions; 3) to analyze anti-corruption practices, implementation of which requires considerable changes in the institutional environment of Russia; 4) to identify problems arising during the implementation of anti-corruption practices mentioned; 5) to propose a mechanism of the most adaptable practices selection. In the work anti-corruption practices such as e-government and regulation of ethical behavior of civil servants are considered in detail. For each of the practices the problems of their implementation in the Russian civil service were identified. We made next findings important for the institutional approach to combating corruption: 1) anti-corruption practices little dependent on the cultural-political context of a country may not have the desired effect or may have negative one; 2) the increase of the public authorities’ level of political culture is impossible in conditions of low culture of a whole society. Also, we proposed a variant of the model, allowing evaluating the prospects of implementation of anti-corruption mechanisms.