Gender Differences in Professional Status of Civil Servants

Paritcipation of women in public administration is a necessary aspect of the modern state. Until recently, the gender issue was not the subject of scientific research. The aim of the present work is to study the professional status of men and women in the public service, and the relevance of the research question is caused by the current picture in the public service, namely the numerical superiority of civil servants female over male, but a much smaller representation of first in leadership positions. The first hypothesis of the study is the assumption that the "glass ceiling" exists in the civil service. Second - women pay more attention to social issues in management than men.The study discussed gender equality through the prism of three public administration concepts (rational bureaucracy, NPM, Good Governance), gives a brief historical background on the participation of women in public administration in the Soviet Union, and provides successful Swedish, Finnish, Danish and Norwegian practice in the implementation of gender equality policies. As a result of interviews, surveys, it was found that the causes of the barrier in a professional path of women employees are not only gender conservatism of civil service institute, the system of social relations among men, difficulty in reconciling motherhood and civil service, but the fact that some women do not want to take more responsibility imposed by highest position, others think that it is not possible for them. Both hypotheses were confirmed. Tools for gender equality policy implementation have been proposed: the development of the law, the establishment of the necessary institutions and the dissemination of ideas among members of the public and civil servants, the interaction of public, private and nonprofit sectors.