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  • The Evolution of Nuptiality and Fertility in Latin America in the Context of the Second Demographic Transition Theory

The Evolution of Nuptiality and Fertility in Latin America in the Context of the Second Demographic Transition Theory

Student: Beltran ViStor

Supervisor: Anatoly G. Vishnevsky

Faculty: Faculty of Social Sciences

Educational Programme: Demography (Master)

Year of Graduation: 2016

The purpose of this research is to reveal factors and regional characteristics of the second demographic transition in Latin America. The problems which were set and solved for attaining the purpose of this research: - Study theoretical and methodological basis of conception of second demographic transition; - Analyze dynamics of natality in registered marriage and consensual unions in Latin American countries; - Provide typology of consensual unions in Latin America and investigate their correlation with social and economic factors; - Determine transformation factors of natality age model and its impact on second demographic transition; - Reveal regional features of natality as a component of second demographic transition in Latin American countries; One of the main demographical features of Latin America is existence of two types of nuptiality. Marriage and consensual unions coexist in all countries of the region. These two types of a marital union have reached high level of social perception, although they differ from perspective of stability, legal obligations and inheritance rights after divorce. The question arises as to whether increase of the consensual unions proportion in the common number of family unions is extensive dissemination of the long-standing tradition or the phenomenon resembling the European second demographic transition. The census data of the first 21th century decades reveals the increase of the mean women's childbearing age. The imperative of early childbearing, which prevailed in this region a long time, slackened. Besides, if earlier marriage played the main part in demographical systems with the traditional reproduction type and represented, in some essence, the legal right of generation continuation, now people's attitude to the marriage institute has essentially changed, especially in the region studied, what is evidenced with the steady increase of childbearing in consensual unions.

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