Psychoanalytic Approach to Personality and Business Leader Career Development

The concept of personality in modern psychology, the analysis of theoretical concepts about the personality of the leader, the effectiveness of managerial activity, protective mechanisms of the individual, theoretical aspects of assessing the prospects of career development of the leader and methods of psychodiagnostics of the individual are considered in the theoretical part of the study. Empirical analysis of respondents' views about the objects "Leader" and "Power" allows us to form a portrait of the personality of the potential leader of an organization. The diagnosis of protective mechanisms and coping strategies used by the participants of the personnel reserve in connection with the level of executive positions, the area of professional interests and gender differences allow us to confirm the relationship between the characteristics of the leaders’ personality and their behavioral strategies, which are formed under the influence of stress. Protective mechanisms and coping strategies are a kind of intermediary between depth psychological constructs of the personality and stress factors, providing self-regulation of the human behavior in a complex management situation. On the basis of this, it was concluded that the study of the leader’s personality on the basis of a typological approach and the allocation of individual characteristics can be supplemented with tools for investigating the capability of person’s self-regulation by means of the personal variables though the strategies used by leader, which allow to compensate for the impact of the external influence of the stress-factors.