Role and Main Aspects of the Functioning of Deposit Insurance Systems

This paper is devoted to the study of the role and main aspects of the functioning of deposit insurance systems. At present, in many countries of the world, deposit protection systems have been established. More effective deposit insurance systems have been created in economically developed countries, where historically the banking system has gone a long way of development. As a rule, the need to create a system of protection of deposits placed with credit institutions arose during periods of economic downturns and a crisis in the banking system. The Russian deposit insurance system largely corresponds to the world analogs, but it also has differences due to the peculiarities of the banking system, the mechanisms for supervising banks, the socio-economic goals and the possibilities of the state. The search for ways to improve the Russian deposit insurance system is topical, especially at the present time, when there are crisis in the domestic economy and the problems associated with the devaluation of the national currency, the restriction of foreign borrowings of commercial banks, and the revocation of licenses of credit institutions have worsened. In these conditions, the role of domestic sources of financing of banks is increasing, the weighty component of which are customer deposits. Restoring and increasing the trust of depositors to credit institutions has become an important and necessary condition for improving their financial condition, maintaining the stability of the country's credit system. The object of research in this work is the deposit insurance system, its role and place in the banking system of the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is the influence of a differentiated approach in the formation of the rate of deductions to the mandatory deposit insurance fund for the stability of the deposit insurance system of the Russian Federation.