The Impact of Institutional Changes on the Development of Russian Winemaking Market

The paper analyzes the relationship between the characteristics of the wine market and the types of its regulation. Based on the study of the main characteristics of the wine market in the world (development of viticulture, production and consumption of wine, trade in wine), a grouping of countries-producers and consumers of wine products was carried out. The following groups were identified: global leaders in the production, consumption and export of wine; leaders in the share of import in the consumption of wine; leaders in the volume of consumption and import of wine; global leaders in self-sufficiency in wine; global leaders in the share of exports in wine production. It is determined that the market situation in Russia belongs to the group of leaders in the volume of consumption and import of wine. As a result of the analysis of wine regulation in the selected groups of countries, the types of wine production and consumption regulation were determined. It was proved that almost all countries with similar market conditions have the same type of industry regulation. It was established that the regulation of winemaking like the Russian type is carried out in the United States and China. Based on calculations of own and cross-price elasticity of demand for alcoholic beverages, the possibility for Russia to apply the US experience in increasing wine consumption by reducing the volume of beer consumption, as well as the adaptation of China's policy to switch consumption from spirits to low-alcohol drinks was determined. The proposed measures will allow by the end of 2022 to reduce the per capita consumption of beer by 42%, increase revenues from excise duties by 100 billion rubles.