Policy of Deinstitutionalization for Orphan Cnildren: Global and Regional Aspect (the Case of Orphanage Number 13 of St.Petersburg)

The policy of deinstitutionalization for orphan children represents the process of children’s transformation from special institutions like orphanage in families and reforming of the system of orphanages. Therefore, the main aim is to create the conditions as close as possible to family. Deinstitutionalization concerning orphan children puts before itself the most important principle that the family is an ideal in questions of care and education. However so was not always. Today ideas of what is good care of children and who has to carry out have changed, it has caused structural innovations in institutions for orphan children and there was a question of advance of policy of deinstitutionalization. Research objective – to find out how the policy of a deinstitutionalization catalyzed structural transformations in institutions for orphan children and institutional changes in the system of protection of orphan children with the help of expert interviews of staff of orphanage of the child № 13 and also the analysis of a photo and video records. Key words: deinstitutionalization, orphanage, orphan children, good care of children, ideals of children’s care