Analysis of Trends, Problems and Perspectives for the Development of Palliative Care

In the early 1980s, the need for palliative care for cancer patients was established, while the need for palliative care for other chronic diseases or conditions such as HIV / AIDS, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic respiratory diseases, drug- resistant tuberculosis and diseases of the elderly, remained unsatisfied until recently in many countries of the world. According to the UN General Assembly (UNGA), access to quality palliative care in most countries of the world, including in developed countries, is still limited. One of the largest groups of people in need of palliative care is oncological patients. The UN General Assembly Special Rapporteur on health issues estimated that about 85% of people with HIV infection experience severe pain. As a result of the analysis of the trends, problems and prospects for the development of palliative care, approaches to the concept of organizing palliative care were analyzed, and foreign experience in the development of palliative care in the countries of the European Union was analyzed. Theoretical models of palliative care, used in Western countries, were analyzed, and sources of financing for palliative care in different countries were analyzed. The structure, main directions, problems and prospects of the development of palliative care in Russia was described, the procedure for providing financial support for the development of the state system of palliative care was defined. In the course of the work the problems of organization of palliative care were thoroughly studied, after which the ways of solving each of the listed problems were suggested. The project of the Government of Russia to improve the quality and accessibility of palliative care is considered in detail.