Slavery and Religion in Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's cabin": Issues of Translation

The purpose of the work is to analyze Russian translations of Harriet Beecher-Stowe's novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" in terms of textual and linguistic correspondence to the original. The novel is unique because of the number of translations and adaptations into Russian, and their differences in different epochs. This is due to his ideological ambiguity - the presence of two story lines represented by the humble Christian Uncle Tom and George Harris, a fighter against slavery. In different periods of time, different lines of the novel were relevant - some fragments were cut or, on the contrary, expansed. According to the results of the study, there are two types of adaptations among pre-revolutionary ones: those intended for folk and children's reading. The first type uses the principle of domestication. Both types employ simplification of the composition, the elimination of the author's presence and the author's digressions, the appearance of the author's assessment, the coping of the key dialogues of the novel devoted to the theme of slavery are characteristic. Uncle Tom comes to the forefront, the line of George Harris practically leveled. For Soviet adaptations, on the contrary, it is characteristic to bring forward the figure of George Harris. In addition, they focus more on the cruelties of the slave system. The concept of Christianity is replaced by such concepts as honor, conscience, nobility, civility, decency. In addition, the original language is neutralized - ethnophilisms are replaced by neutral vocabulary.