Classification of Shang Oracle Inscriptions Made on Cow Bones and Turtle Shells

The proposed research the classification and translation of oracle bones’ inscriptions (jiaguwen) of the Shang period are considered. Particular attention is paid to the types and functions of oracle inscriptions on tibia and scapula bones of cattle. The work consists of 114 pages, 72 of which is an annex (four tables). The list of references contains 22 positions. The object of the study are Shang oracle inscriptions, carved on the shells of turtles and animal bones. The subject of research - types and functions of oracle inscriptions of the Shang period. The present work includes the following parts: introduction; the second chapter that tells the story of the jiaguwen’s discovery; the third chapter with a brief description of the different spheres of the Shang period’s society; the chapter that contains an explanation of the scientific problems; two chapters devoted to the classification and translation of the inscriptions; in the end, we have conclusion, bibliography, annex. For the analysis of inscriptions on oracle bones and shells in this study we used different methods, such as the description of the historical period, search and translation of Shang oracle inscriptions, synthesis of inscriptions’ classifications, quantitative analysis and comparative analysis. As a result of the study, we achieved the goals, as follows: we created a new classification for all types of mediums of oracle inscriptions. Moreover, we derived certain types of inscriptions on the tibia and scapula. The study, in addition, provides new theories about for what purposes inscriptions were carved on the shin bones and about their functions. Keywords: History of China, jiaguwen, Shang dynasty, inscriptions, oracle bones and shells.