Logic of Discovery, Abduction and Types of Explanatory Models

The purpose of the research is to find some kinds of reasoning schemes, types of explanatory models, which will help to create new ideas as a first step to realization of utopia of logic of discovery. The work starts with overview of some achievements in the field of logic of discovery. Logic of discovery is understood as umbrella term for studies following problem-solving approach in such areas of research as gestalt and cognitive psychology, computational philosophy of science, Artificial Intelligence. The next part of the paper is devoted to the analysis of the most prospective theory of generating knowledge: Peirce’s abduction. The evolution of perspectives on abduction is considered from the point of view of the creative potential. The final part contains an analysis of classifications of explanations typical for psychology and philosophy of science comparing them to thematic analysis of Holton. The work ends with the presentation of the hypothesis according to which people have abductive-explanatory inner “grammar”.