Climatic Factors in Urban Planning Regulation: Cases of Norilsk and Murmansk

Master's thesis is devoted to the study and systematization of climatic factors in urban planning regulation on the example of the Northern cities of the Russian Federation — Norilsk and Murmansk. The first сhapter provides a retrospective review of the evolution of urbanization of Northern cities and standards, also the principles of their development are defined. The second chapter describes the climatic factors of the Northern cities and provides a theoretical and practical overview of developments in the field of Northern urban planning. These elaborations are analyzed on the basis of a comparison of the effects of climatic conditions and are summarized by category. The third chapter analyzes the system of documents regulating in the urban environment, in particular technical and urban planning regulations, standards of urban design; on the basis of the influence of climatic factors the parameters are defined. Thy help to create a comfortable urban space and provides recommendations for the inclusion of these parameters in the documents of urban planning.