Museum development in Turkey

This study is devoted to the research of the development of the museums in Turkey from the XVIII to the XXI century. The subject of the research is the biggest museums of various types in the territory of this state at the end of the 18th - beginning of the 21st century. The purpose of this work is to explore the museum in Turkey. In accordance with the main tasks, the study examines historical and cultural factors of the emergence of museums in the Ottoman Empire, analyzes the history of their development in Turkey from the 18th to the 21st century, determines the significance of Turkish museums as cultural and educational centers, and examines the prospects for their development at the end of the 20th – beginning of 21st century. With the use of the comparative-historical and elemental-cultural method, the history of the development of museums in Turkey was analyzed, compared with European museums, and the museum was considered as a cultural-educational element. The following results were obtained during the study: museum in the Ottoman Empire originated in the 18th century, actively developed in the second half of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century; The second half of the 20th century is marked by a crisis in the country's economy and culture and, as a result, in the museum sector. However, at the end of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century, museum is experiencing another upsurge, connected, firstly, with the influx of tourists into the country, the improvement of the Turkish education system and the active work of local museums with ICOM in international projects. In this research it was concluded that museums in Turkey, although began to develop later than in Europe, is currently seeking to conform to the international level. However, in the field of museum management, there are still a number of shortcomings.