The Phenomenon of Gender Segregation in the Market of Educational Services of School Education in the Representations of Stakeholders

The presented master's study “The phenomenon of gender segregation in the market of educational services for school education in the views of stakeholders” is devoted to studying an urgent problem that is actively used for discussions in the media and by specialists in various subject areas, including labor market researchers both internationally and in domestic practice. The work consists of three chapters: theoretical understanding of the problem and the research part, which includes studying the ideas of school leaders, teachers, parents and students about the phenomenon of gender segregation. In the first chapter, the author traces the chain of concepts from gender prejudice to gender stereotype, then to gender segregation, explains its causes, types, specificity, difference from gender discrimination. The author of the work notes that gender segregation is, on the one hand, the result of the development of modern society, and on the other, the source of its problems directly related to the topic of the labor market. Hence the research interest in factors contributing to the emergence and maintenance of gender segregation within the organization (features of the labor behavior of workers of different sexes, visible through the actions of employers in relation to their employees), types of gender segregation (vertical and horizontal). The chapter presents the directions of modern state policy designed to ensure the achievement of gender equality, identifies "gender dependencies" in wages and pensions, career opportunities in the context of the topic. The author identifies regulations defining the principles of state policy of the Russian Federation regarding gender equality in the world of work and substantiates the conclusion that the complete elimination of discrimination against women in the world of work is possible subject to state control. The second chapter identifies the specifics of gender segregation in the teacher market, the reasons for the feminization of education, the direction of gender stereotypes associated with attracting men to the teaching profession. The author comes to the conclusion that the modern teacher labor market is characterized by persistent gender inequality, gender stereotypes that exist in the mass consciousness, professional segregation, which has a detrimental effect on the career of women. In addition, there is a tendency to discriminate against male educators as the only specific feature of gender segregation in the industry. The research part of the work analyzes statistical data on the gender structure of the teaching staff of schools. The processed data are presented by the author in schemes, tables, diagrams. As the first research method, a comparative analysis of the leadership and pedagogical staff of the schools of Primorsky, Vasileostrovsky, Moscow, Petrograd, Krasnoselsky districts of St. Petersburg was chosen. The object of analysis was the teaching staff of schools, differentiated by gender and position. The comparative analysis data once again confirmed the problem of the feminization of Russian education. Along with the method of comparative analysis, the study used the method of questioning pedagogical personnel, students, parents of students, the results of which are presented in the third chapter of the dissertation. To determine the opinion of the heads of educational institutions on the issue of feminization of the industry, on the gender structure of the staff and on the characteristics of labor relations with a male teacher, the method of questioning and interviewing was chosen. Analyzing the opinion of respondents regarding the involvement of male teachers in schools, the author notes that raising salaries and additional material incentives are becoming the main mechanism in solving the problem of increasing the proportion of men in education. Supporting the need to overcome the manifestations of gender segregation in the teaching staff, the author relates the phenomenon under study to an institutional trap, ignoring which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the organization’s labor resources. Keywords: phenomenon, gender, gender, gender segregation, gender structure of the collective, teacher's labor market, educational service, gender stereotypes, state regulation, discrimination against men teacher.