Organization of Demining Operations in Tajikistan after the Post Conflict Period: a critical analysis of policy and practice

Twenty years after the end of the civil war in Tajikistan, the country still experiences the problem of the high level of landmine contaminations. Even today, the landmines cause a social, economic, and political burden for civilians in Tajikistan by destructing peoples’ values, hopes, and lives. Therefore, this research will explore the landmines’ issues from different perspectives, covering the problem of safety of people's main hazards under which the local citizens are living. Moreover, the study will also go through the causes, donors’ interaction, and the role of government institutions affecting the economic and social development of Tajikistan. In order to find the answers to these issues, the thesis will explore the level of landmines threats in the framework of international obligations imposed by the UN with the comprehensive and will assess the interaction of stakeholders at all levels. The paper will also argue over the major findings made by international organizations, NGOs, and donor communities focusing on improvement measures and assistance mechanisms used for the safe implementation of the demining operation. The case analysis studies also used here, and Tajikistan obligation imposed by the global partners, considering the Ottawa Convention as a core instrument for this purpose. Hence, this paper explores and measures different approaches for mine clearance operations. The major and final points of this study will come up with comprehensive recommendations for the government of Tajikistan in order to help it to redesign the technological approaches, for the effective running of demining operations; moreover, it will propose the new mechanisms and management instruments to use the donated resources far more properly. The overall purpose of this research to create a theoretical background for the development of a new demining strategy that needs to be used for providing a wide-ranging economic and social development program for Tajikistan by the end of 2025, as it is agreed by the donors and the local government.