The Moral Foundations of Capitalism

The question of the moral foundations of capitalism is extremely relevant, especially in the context of all kinds of crises. Since economy is first of all interaction between people, evaluation of economic processes from the ethical point of view is extremely important. The tendency of dividing practice and morality leads to negative consequences for the whole society. To prevent this, it is necessary to change one's view on the perception of capitalism as a system. This work explores the genesis of the moral foundations of capitalism through the religious doctrines of Judaism and Protestantism. The author analyzes the philosophical concepts of the 20th century by such authors as Ayn Rand and W. Benjamin, offering different interpretations of the phenomenon. It is essential to describe modern ethics and the main theories that are used today. Therefore, the author proposes a solution to the problem of morality and profit; issues of equality, justice and freedom are also raised in this paper. It also touches on topics such as labor slavery and ways to solve environmental problems in the capitalist world. The purpose of this study is to identify the modern ethical program of capitalism and its significant distinctive features, as well as to solve the problem of morality and profit.