Characterization of Philosophical Concepts in the Light of the Project of a New Christian Anthropology in the Dissertation of Dietrich Bonhoeffer “Act and Being”

The thesis is the experience of an essential analysis of the assessment of the philosophical concepts of Kant, Hegel, Husserl, Scheler, Heidegger and Pshivara, presented in the dissertation “Act and Being” by the young German pastor and theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer. In the course of the work, it is discovered that the strong influence of “dialectical theology” by Karl Bart is inferior to the young theologian's interest in existentialism, which is reflected in the considerable attention to anthropological problems in the mentioned concepts. Bonhoeffer, unlike Bultmann and Tillich, does not become the author of a new systematic theology, but the internal orientation to the project of a new Christian anthropology can be traced in its relation to philosophical concepts. Later it expressed in an interest in ethics and “practical anthropology ”of life in the Christian community. In the analyzed early work, only general intentions are traced, as well as his attempt to complement the idea of a “crisis of the mind”, significant for Protestant theology, and clarify it in the image of “cor curvum in se” - “a heart turned on itself”.