Assessment of the Impact of the 2018 World Cup on the Development of Urban Transport Infrastructure (Cases of the Host Cities of the 2018 World Cup)

Each of the continental or world-wide sports forums held allows the city to show the quality of its infrastructure, safety and organization level to the whole world. That increases the prestige of the city and, in the future, can attract a considerable flow of tourists, potential residents and investors. Accordingly, every major city striving for further development should be able to host forums of any level. For residents of the host city, the important question remains: has the World Cup become a driver for the development of urban transport infrastructure? How useful were the transformations in preparation for the competition, were there any mistakes, how to take them into account for the future? In this study, we will analyze the experience of holding the World Cup in Russia in 2018, namely, the assessment of the impact of preparatory measures on the development of urban transport infrastructure.