Victimhood and Victimisation: Concept and Main Characteristics

Crime is an urgent problem in modern society. Globalization and changes in the social status of people in recent years have led to an increase in crime. The study of the personality of the victim of a crime and its influence on the mechanism of committing a crime has become increasingly relevant in the desire to eliminate the lack of data on crime. The objectives of this study are to analyze the concepts of «victimhood» and «victimization», to study the behavior of the victim, his role in committing a wrongful act, and to develop victimological measures to reduce victimization. The final qualifying work contains an analysis of relevant aspects of victimology, including the distinction between the concepts of «crime victim» and «victim». Also, the work examines the socio-demographic classification and socio-psychological typology of crime victims, which made it possible to fully understand what is the reason for the increase in victimization among individuals and what accompanies the victimization process. During the study, an analysis of the behavior of the victim of a crime in the mechanism of committing a crime and the individualization of the punishment of the offender in the case of aggressive behavior of the victim played a significant role. Based on the results of the work, it enabled to develop new positions regarding support for victims of crime and to recognize the need to develop new measures of victimological prevention, which made it possible to put forward proposals for amending the current legislation of the Russian Federation.