The Role of FAO in Ensuring Food Security in Developing Countries on the Example of Syria

In the light of globalization and the increasing interdependence of all spheres of society's life, the problem of food security is becoming increasingly important as one of the sources of social instability. Food security is one of the components of national security, an important element in the fight against social problems: rational nutrition is necessary to meet basic needs and ensure the sustainable functioning and development of the society. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) was created in response to the food crisis caused by World War II. After 76 years of FAO's existence, the problem of food security remains relevant, affecting the interests of both developing and developed countries. Firstly, food security affects the well-being and development of all mankind, since high-quality and healthy nutrition is the fundamental right of every individual and is the basis of his life. Secondly, food insecurity in developing countries affects the well-being of neighboring countries and the whole world as a whole, as it leads to the spread of poverty and hunger, and can also provoke outbreaks of various epidemics, which is especially important in the light of the recent emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thirdly, food security increases the ability of countries to develop their agricultural markets and economies. Fourthly, ensuring food security is extremely important in countries involved in military conflicts, as it underlies the restoration of a quality peaceful life for citizens and the prosperity of the country as a whole. The purpose of the study is to assess the role of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in solving the problem of food security in developing countries using the example of Syria. The first chapter will examine the problem of food security at the local, regional and global levels. Firstly, the concept of food security and its evolution in historical perspective will be examined. Second, this data will look at the state of food security in the world, with a focus on developing countries with high rates of malnutrition and hunger. Third, it will outline existing approaches to tackling food insecurity and nutritional security. The second chapter will focus on the organizational structure of FAO's work. The first paragraph will explore the institutional design of FAO, its main committees and functions. The second paragraph will look at projects being implemented by FAO in different regions of the world. The third paragraph will explore FAO's collaboration with other actors in promoting food security at both the micro and macro levels. The third chapter will be based on an examination of food security in the Syrian Arab Republic. The main challenges to food security in Syria will be examined first, followed by the key obstacles the organization faces in addressing the problem. Finally, the last part of the work will analyze the role of FAO in ensuring food security in Syria.