Лекция Джеффри Хоскинга "By Right of Memory: Aleksandr Tvardovskii and the Post-Stalin Crisis"

 

Генеральный партнёр проекта - Фонд Михаила Прохорова

Джеффри Хоскинг– британский историк, профессор Университетского колледжа Лондона (University College London), автор книг по истории России и СССР (“The Russian Constitutional Experiment. Government and the Duma 1907-1914”,  “Beyond Socialist Realism: Soviet Fiction since Ivan Denisovich”, “Russia: People and Empire, 1552-1917”, “Rulers and Victims. The Russians in the Soviet Union (на русском языке – «Правители и жертвы. Русские в Советском союзе»), “A History of the USSR: 1917-1991”).
 

Аннотация:

The main subject of controversy after Khrushchev's 'secret speech' of February 1956 was memory and its relationship to the Soviet Union's future.  Memory, however, is not a simple reproduction of what has happened in the past, especially not in a society which has systematically laid a taboo on personal, 'undisciplined' memory.  Without some kind of social validation, individual memories remain disconnected and insubstantial.  What many people needed was a trusted public forum in which they could recount what they had experienced and frame it in a wider context.

Creating such a forum was the great achievement of Novyi mir under Aleksandr Tvardovskii.  He had experienced in his youth many of the traumas of Stalinist Russia:  the denunciation and exile of his family as 'kulaks', his own forced renunciation of them, repeated literary and political attacks on him, the arrest of some of his closest colleagues and the threat of being arrested himself.  However, he had retained from his childhood and his family such a strong and independent core to his personality that he was able in later years to overcome the damaging legacy of his his traumatic memories (a) through his creative writing as a poet, and (b) through consciously encouraging as editor the publication of high-quality literature which restored authentic memory of the Soviet Union's past history.  Despite serious psychological problems (depressive episodes, bouts of drinking), he was able to lay the foundations for a more honest and reflective recovery of what had been suppressed, in the belief that a more humane society could not be built without an honest history of the past.

Рабочий язык - английский 

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