"Максимизация полезности, выбор и предпочтения"
Utility Maximization, Choice and Preference (Studies in Economic Theory)
by Fuad Aleskerov (Author), Denis Bouyssou (Author), Bernard Monjardet (Author)
Второе издание книги проф. ГУ-ВШЭ Фуада Алескерова (в соавторстве с Дени Буассу и Бернаром Монжарде) "Максимизация полезности, выбор и предпочтения" (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2007). Парадигма максимизации полезности составляет основу многих экономических, психологических, когнитивных и поведенческих моделей. Данная парадигма впервые была предложена в XVIII в., и с тех пор было обнаружено множество примеров ее нарушения. В книге предпринята попытка устранить эти недостатки, добавив в анализ порог нечувствительности измерения, а также контекст выбора. Классическая теория в ней представлена как особый случай, не зависящий от контекста; приводится систематический обзор новых моделей максимизации полезности, построенных на зависящем от контекста пороговом значении, а также соответствующих моделей предпочтений и выбора. Второе издание книги дополнено с учетом новых исследований, включена глава о классических и новых результатах для бесконечных множеств.
Представленные модели будут полезны специалистам, занимающимся экономической теорией, теорией принятия решений, теорией коллективного выбора, поведенческими и когнитивными науками, а также смежными направлениями.
The utility maximization paradigm forms the basis of many economic, psychological, cognitive and behavioral models. Since it was first devised in the eighteenth century, numerous examples have revealed the deficiencies of the concept. This book makes a contribution to overcome those deficiencies by taking into account insensitivity of measurement threshold and context of choice. It covers classic theory as a special, context-free case and gives a systematic overview of new models of utility maximization within a context-dependent threshold as well as related preference and choice models. The second edition has been updated to include the most recent developments and a new chapter on classic and new results for infinite sets. The presented models will be helpful to scientists in economics, decision making theory, social choice theory, behavioral and cognitive sciences, and related fields.
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Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Background and Overview
1.2 Content of the Book
2. Preference, Utility, and Choice: Classic Models
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Binary Relations and Preferences
2.3 Binary Relations and Choice
2.4 Utility and Choice
2.5 Expansion-contraction Axioms
2.6 Relations Between the Classes of Choice Functions ...
2.7 Concluding Remarks and Guide to the Literature
3. Utility Maximization Within a Constant Threshold or a Threshold Depending on One Alternative
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Non-negative Threshold Functions: the Interval Choice Case
3.3 Interval Orders, Semiorders, and Interval Choice ....
3.4 Properties of Interval Orders and Semiorders
3.5 Interval Choice and Maximal Antichains
3.6 Choice Functions Rationalizable by Interval Orders and Semiorders
3.7 Arbitrary Threshold Functions and Biorders
3.8 Choice Rationalizable by Biorders
3.9 Concluding Remarks and Guide to the Literature
4. Utility Maximization Within a Threshold Depending on Both Compared Alternatives
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Representation Theorems
4.3 Additive Threshold Function
4.4 Multiplicative Threshold Function
4.5 Properties of Choice Functions
4.6 Concluding Remarks and Guide to the Literature
5. Utility Maximization Within a Context-dependent Threshold
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Analysis of Choice Models
5.3 Properties of Choice Functions
5.4 Inclusive and Strongly Inclusive Maximization
5.5 Over-value Choice
5.6 Binary Rationalizability of Choice
5.7 Utility Maximization With an Additive Threshold Function
5.8 Properties of Simple Semiorders
5.9 Utility Maximization With an Isotone Threshold Function
5.10 Concluding Remarks and Guide to the Literature
6. Numerical Representation of Binary Relations on Infinite Sets
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Linear Orders
6.3 Weak Orders
6.4 Biorders
6.4.1 Preliminaries
6.4.2 The countable case
6.4.3 The general case
6.5 Interval Orders
6.5.1 Preliminaries
6.5.2 The countable case
6.5.3 The general case
6.6 Semiorders
6.6.1 Preliminaries
6.6.2 Representations with no proper nesting
6.6.3 Representations with no nesting
6.6.4 Constant threshold representations
6.7 Acyclic Relations and Partial Orders
6.7.1 Preliminaries
6.7.2 The countable case
6.7.3 The general case
6.8 Concluding Remarks and Guide to the Literature
6.8.1 Linear orders
6.8.2 Weak orders
6.8.3 Biorders
6.8.4 Interval orders
6.8.5 Semiorders
6.8.6 Acyclic relations and partial orders
7. Conclusion
List of Notations and Symbols
References
Index