20 million

is the minimum number of Russians working outside their own region.

The main centres of attraction are in Moscow and the Moscow Region, as well as in the Tyumen Region.

This expert assessment is presented in an article entitled ‘Russian Urbanization and Urban Resident Housing’ published in HSE’s Demoscope Weekly. These figures differ significantly from official statistics. According to a survey on employment conducted by Russia’s Federal State Statistics Service in 2012, the country has 2.3 million ‘migrant workers’ today.