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Regular version of the site

HSE Researchers to Create a Mathematical Model of the Brain

The HSE Centre for Cognition and Decision Making together with a group of other Russian research centres is about to begin work on creating a mathematical model of the human brain. With its help scientists will be able to study the processes which take place in the brain and brain disease. It could be used for medical purposes in the future.   

In October this year the HSE Centre for Cognition and Decision Making (CCDM) with the Lobachevsky University, RAS Institute of Laser and Information Technologies and other Russian research centres won a federal competition to work on applied research in neurotechnology.

‘The human brain is a kind of bio-computer but we know very little about most of its processes,’ explains Boris Gutkin, Head of the working group on Neuromodeling at CCDM HSE. ‘Our aim is to understand the principles of information processing and changes in the brain. We will make a model of how signals are processed in brain cells, or neurons. Once we have studied the processes on an experimental level we plan to create a general mathematical model of the brain with our colleagues. We’ll use it to study different brain diseases and in particular Alzheimer’s, epilepsy and propose ways to  treat them.’ 

Three years have been timetabled for the theoretical part of the project. After that, pre-clinical trials will begin. It is hoped that in the future the model will be used in medicine.

The Centre for Cognition and Decision Making was established at the HSE Department of Psychology in 2014 and is currently the only centre in Russia specialising in the neurobiological mechanisms of decision making. Its purpose is to develop cognitive science in Russia. The centre works with the most up to date technology in neuroimaging and studying brain function. Research results have already been applied in engineering, medicine, economics, psychology, mathematics and other areas connected to neurobiology.

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Neuroscientists Inflict 'Damage' on Computational Model of Human Brain

An international team of researchers, including neuroscientists at HSE University, has developed a computational model for simulating semantic dementia, a severe neurodegenerative condition that progressively deprives patients of their ability to comprehend the meaning of words. The neural network model represents processes occurring in the brain regions critical for language function. The results indicate that initially, the patient's brain forgets the meanings of object-related words, followed by action-related words. Additionally, the degradation of white matter tends to produce more severe language impairments than the decay of grey matter. The study findings have been published in Scientific Reports.

New Method Enables Dyslexia Detection within Minutes

HSE scientists have developed a novel method for detecting dyslexia in primary school students. It relies on a combination of machine learning algorithms, technology for recording eye movements during reading, and demographic data. The new method enables more accurate and faster detection of reading disorders, even at early stages, compared to traditional diagnostic assessments. The results have been published in PLOS ONE.

HSE University and Adyghe State University Launch Digital Ethnolook International Contest

The HSE Centre for Language and Brain and the Laboratory of Experimental Linguistics at Adyghe State University (ASU) have launched the first Digital Ethnolook International Contest in the Brain Art / ScienceArt / EtnoArt format. Submissions are accepted until May 25, 2024.

Parietal Cortex Influences Risk-Taking Behaviour

Making decisions in situations involving risk and uncertainty is an inherent aspect of our daily lives. Should I obtain luggage insurance for my flight, cross the road when the light is red, or leave my current job for a new opportunity? Researchers at the HSE Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience conducted an experiment to clarify the role the parietal cortex plays in decision-making in the context of risk. They found that suppression of activity in the parietal cortex resulted in subjects being less inclined to take risks. A paper with the study findings has been published in Cerebral Cortex.

Cognitive Reappraisal of Negative Emotions Can Help Manage Stress

Researchers at the HSE International Laboratory of Social Neurobiology assessed the effectiveness of two strategies for regulating emotions: reappraisal and suppression. Having analysed data on the electrical activity of 60 individuals’ brains, the scientists discovered that both approaches put additional strain on the nervous system. It was also found that individuals who are prone to emotional contagion tend to be more effective in using reappraisal and managing negative emotions. The paper has been published in Experimental Brain Research.

Russian Researchers Unveil Mechanism Underlying Language Processing Disruptions in Epilepsy Patients

Researchers at HSE University and the Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Centre have examined alterations induced by epilepsy in the language-related neural network within the brain. Using graph-based analysis, the researchers studied fMRI data from 28 patients and found that in epilepsy, both hemispheres of the brain become activated during language processing and short connections form between the hemispheres, while long connections within one hemisphere are disrupted. The study has been published in Epilepsy&Behavior.

HSE Creates ‘Transfer of Neurocognitive Technologies’ Consortium

HSE, the Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Centre, and the Centre for Speech Pathology and Neurorehabilitation of the Moscow Healthcare Department have signed an agreement on cooperation and the creation of a ‘neuro-consortium’ under the name ‘Transfer of Neurocognitive Technologies’. The new body will boost the development and implementation of advanced solutions in neurotechnology aimed at maintaining and improving people's health. The agreement was signed for five years, and the consortium is open to new participants.

'While it May Sound Futuristic, It Holds Great Promise': Olga Dragoy Shares Her Thoughts on Language Function Restoration and the Future of Neurotechnology

In the spring of 2023, the fifth strategic project of the Priority 2030 programme, 'Human Brain Resilience: Neurocognitive Technologies for Adaptation, Learning, Development and Rehabilitation in a Changing Environment,' was launched at HSE University. The strategic project brings together researchers from all campuses of HSE University. In her interview with the HSE News Service, Olga Dragoy, head of the strategic project and Director of the HSE Centre for Language and Brain, shares an overview of the advanced technologies neuroscientists are creating today, the underlying inspiration driving these efforts, and the operational dynamics of interdisciplinary applied projects.

‘It Was Great to Look at Scientific Achievements through the Eyes of a Journalist, not a Scientist’

HSE University in Nizhny recently hosted the 2nd Autumn Neuro-linguistic School ‘NeuroSciCom: Popularising Language and Brain Studies’ for scientists and students at the HSE Centre for Language and Brain Studies in Nizhny Novgorod. The school was held as part of the 'Human Brain Resilience: Neurocognitive Technologies for Adaptation, Learning, Development and Rehabilitation in a Changing Environment' Strategic Project of the Priority 2030 programme.

The Brain Is a Network of Networks. Scientists Have Found a Way to Unravel Them

A team of researchers from HSE University and the Artificial Intelligence Research Institute (AIRI) have demonstrated the effectiveness of the PSIICOS method they had previously developed for non-invasive mapping the neural networks in the brain based on its electrical activity. Unlike other methods, it does not search for individual neuronal sources to be then combined into networks but instead looks directly for the functional networks of interconnected neuronal populations—and does so swiftly and accurately. The study findings have been published in NeuroImage.