The Role of Special Economic Zones on International Companies' Expansion in Post-Sanction Period by the Example of the Russian Federation

This work treats the problem of special economic zones. The international practice of foreign countries is based on the effectiveness and feasibility of using them to implement advanced economic ideas. The SEZ is an institution that contributes to attracting investment, strengthening the country's economic and scientific potential and developing production, primarily export-oriented. The main purpose of the introduction of the SEZ institute: the development of manufacturing industries, high-tech industries, the production of new types of products, transport infrastructure, as well as tourism and sanatorium-resort sphere. The SEZ mechanism assumes preferences in three key areas for business: tax and customs benefits, state financing of infrastructure, reduction of administrative barriers. Initially, only two types of SEZ were created: technical and developmental and industrial. The objectives of the creation of the port SEZ from the point of view of the state: attracting foreign direct investment, advanced technologies to at least a limited part of the country; the creation of new jobs for highly qualified personnel; export base development; stimulation of the development of port facilities and structures providing port services. Relevance of the paper is a positive factor of SEZ for increasing the economy. It is a good advantage for investors including the development of new markets; approximation of production to the consumer; minimization of costs associated with the lack of export and import customs duties; access to infrastructure. So the influence of SEZ on the economic development in Russia is the central point to find out in this work.