The Comparative Analysis of Land Rights of Melanesian Population in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea

Abstract, this paper presents a critical understanding of indigenous land rights. This research was conducted in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea as a neighboring country and shared relations between the two Southeast Asian and South Pacific regional regions. This study combines visualization exercises with writing responses free to directly interview indigenous candidates and institutions that protect indigenous peoples over customary land to find out the weaknesses and success of policies on customary land in the Melanesian population. Research focuses on indigenous peoples who need protection for sustainable customary land for environmental sustainability which impacts on cultural, political, economic and legal aspects. The author uses the Indigeneity concept in identifying Melanesian indigenous people and the theory of Policy Cycle in determining policies that can protect the lives of indigenous peoples. this paper also explains comparative studies on the similarities and differences in land law between the two countries. the conclusion would be to show a successful state policy and stagnant state policy so that it must be evaluated in the following period in the framework of safeguarding the rights of indigenous peoples. Key Words: Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Papua, Melanesia, Indigeneity, Policy Cycle Theory, Indigenous Land Rights.