Economic Fundamentals of a Just State in Ibn Khaldun’s “Muqaddimah”

Abu Zaid Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn Khaldun al-Hadrami al-Ashbili (1332-1406) is a famous medieval thinker and one of the most prominent representatives of Arab science, whose heritage became accessible to a wide circle of researchers only in the middle of the XIX century. The most famous work of the scientist, treatise “Muqaddimah” (1377 AD), the introduction to the “Book of Lessons and Archive of Early and Subsequent History, Dealing with the Political Events Concerning the Arabs, Non-Arabs, and Berbers, and the Supreme Rulers Who Were Contemporary with Them”, caused and is still causing great interest among European and Russian researchers because of its vastness and all-encompassing nature. In this study, taking into account the previous work, we analyzed Ibn Khaldun`s views on the economic foundations of the existence of the state and society, as well as the theories of the Arab scholar in areas related to this issue, such as the doctrine of the labor nature of social wealth, factors of economic development of cities and settlements, public service, etc. To accomplish the research objectives, we analyzed the terminology used by the scientist to describe the patterns of economic, political and civilizational processes, and made a conclusion regarding the possibility of structuring and conceptualizing Khaldunian views.