The Renaissance of the subject as an ethical claim of the Philosophy of 21st century

The final paper is devoted to the problem of subjectivity. It is a detailed examination of the history of the subject in philosophy: its origin in Descartes and development in classical philosophy, the “death of the subject” in the postmodern tradition and the attempts to revive the subject in the “after-postmodern” philosophy of the 21st century that replaced it. Central to the work is the search for an answer to the question of what the subject today is: is the concept of Descartes of unchanging essence preserved, or is the subject constructed by a given set of meanings and metanarratives? The current position of subjective philosophy is viewed through the prism of new ethics and science. Some philosophers of our time consider the subject from a scientific point of view and focus on corporeality, while others talk about the importance of thinking. Furthermore, the author raises the question of how the subject can be revived today and what hinders this. According to the author, the final point in the existence of the subject was not set - we are simply dealing with a crisis situation that has developed as a result of a fundamentally new cultural context in which the subject finds himself and globalization, which makes cultural boundaries less perceptible.