Public Procurement as a Tool to Stimulate Innovation

Final qualified work on the topic "Public procurement as a tool to stimulate innovative activity." Made by Elizaveta Sharadze, a student of 17M3 group, venture management department, National Research University Higher School of Economics – Nizhny Novgorod. The purpose of the study is to analyze Russian and foreign practices in the use of public procurement in order to increase innovative activity. In the practical part of the study, the legislation of Russia and foreign countries in the field of public procurement, as well as methods of stimulating innovation through the mechanism of public procurement, were analyzed. Research objectives: • analysis of Russian and foreign legislation in the field of public procurement • study of practical methods of using state orders in order to stimulate innovation • in-depth expert interview with government buyers. In the theoretical part of the study, authoritative sources, journals from the Scopus database with quartiles Q1 and Q2 were studied; highlighted key authors; analyzed their work; the main methodologies of stimulating innovative activity with the help of the mechanism of state order are highlighted. Theoretical research methods: study of authoritative sources. To study scientific information on the use of public procurement to stimulate innovative activity, key journals were selected that are included in the Scopus database, Google Scholar, with quartiles Q1 or Q2. Practical research methods: • expert in-depth interview • analysis of foreign legislation in the field of state orders • analysis of scientific articles containing foreign practice of stimulating innovation through public procurement. An expert in-depth interview was conducted with participants in public procurement - customers. In the course of the interview, the primary problems were identified that hinder the use of state orders in order to increase innovation in the Russian Federation. In the course of the study, an analysis of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of public procurement was carried out: laws No. 44-FZ, No. 223-FZ. In addition, an in-depth expert interview was conducted with employees of the Ministry of Economic Development and Investments of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, who work directly in the state order system. These analyzes showed that the state ordering of innovations in Russia has a lot of obstacles. Also, in the practical part of the study, foreign legislation in the field of public procurement was analyzed - the European Procurement Directives, the US Federal Procurement Regulation, as well as methods of using government orders to stimulate innovation. Based on the analyzes carried out, recommendations were proposed for improving the mechanisms used in the Russian Federation.