The Philosophy of Baruch Spinoza in Modern Sociology of Morality

The main goal of this work is to search for opportunities to incorporate the philosophical heritage of Baruch Spinoza into the body of modern sociological theory. This intention is inspired, on the one hand, by the fact that the influence of Spinozism on the humanities - through the efforts of both analytic and post-structuralist-oriented philosophers - is steadily increasing, and on the other hand, by the apparent absence of its traces in sociology. An attempt to carry out such an undertaking puts the author before the need, first, to present an exposition of the ontological and political-exegetical teachings of Spinoza (based on the interpretations of G. Deleuze, A. Matheron, É. Balibar, etc.) - as succinct as possible and accentuating the points of possible contact of Spinozism and social theory - and secondly, to compare the resulting image of the "sociological" Spinoza with two directions of modern theory that are most consonant (and hypothetically carrying out the reception of individual ideas of Spinozism) to him - with relational sociology (P. Donati, M. Archer, O Abbott, F. Dépelteau, and others) and neo-evolutionary moral psychology (D. Haidt, A. Damasio, D. Turner, D. Wegner, etc.). The moral sphere has thus become a touchstone for the alleged synthesis of Spinozism and sociological theory, largely because (in accordance with the spirit of Spinozism) the analysis of moral action and moral judgment is particularly acutely required to take into account the relational context - the configuration of intertwined subjective identities and objective structures.