Functional Near-InfraRed Spectroscopy (fNIRS)

Near-infrared spectroscopy or optical tomography (fNIRS) is a new method of functional neuroimaging. The technique is similar to functional MRI, however, using fNIRS, it is possible to assess the activity of the cortex not inside the tomograph, but in the laboratory and even outdoors during the patient's physical activity or daily activities. In addition, the cost of the fNIRS system is significantly lower than an fMRI scanner. The fNIRS system produces near-infrared light in two different wavelengths, which makes it possible to recognize the two states of hemoglobin oxygenation. Sources and detectors of radiation are installed in a special hat. The fNIRS system evaluates the level of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin, which allows to assess the activity of all areas of the cerebral cortex in real time.

Features of the fNIRS method:

-Safety:
fNIRS does not use any harmful radiation, the method can be used in children

-Minimally invasive technique:
fNIRS does not require additional contrast agent

-Functional imaging method:
Image contrast is achieved through tissue function rather than tissue anatomy

-Availability:
fNIRS is a relatively inexpensive and easy-to-use technology

-Temporary permission:
fNIRS has higher temporal resolution than fMRI

-Spatial resolution:
fNIRS has higher spatial resolution than EEG

-Depth of light penetration into tissue:
The depth of light penetration into tissues (in the brain about 3 cm) limits the research area

It is the ideal system for fNIRS researchers looking for a high performance, versatile and easy to use optical tomography system.

Equipment
As part of the UNU project, the NIRScout X+ functional optical tomography system was expanded from 16/16 to 32/32.

Links to manufacturers:

NIRx Company: https://nirx.net/