Comparative Research of Legal Regulation of Discrimination Prohibition at Work in the Russian Federation and the USA

Prohibition of discrimination and ensuring equality of human rights are the foundations for building a State governed by the rule of law. In this regard, discrimination is a factor posing a danger to democratic foundations and justice in all spheres of human life, including the sphere of work and employment. Combating discrimination is one of the methods to achieve equality. A significant role in it is played by the legal regulation of its prohibition, within the framework of which regulations and mechanisms aimed at solving the problem of discrimination should effectively operate. For the most effective and detailed study of the problem of discrimination in the sphere of work a comprehensive research of the problems of prohibiting discrimination in the sphere of work in the Russian Federation and the USA, where the problem of discrimination is one of the most urgent, was conducted. The aim of the research was to comprehensively study the nature and forms of discrimination in the field of labor relations in the Russian Federation and the United States, as well as to study and identify ways and problems of implementing protection against it. To achieve this goal, a number of tasks were identified, including: analysis of the concept of "discrimination" in employment, and comparing the implementation of the proposed in different doctrines definitions of the concept of "discrimination" on the basis of which it was necessary to identify or suggest the most relevant and meaningful concept of discrimination in employment; exploration the meaning and legal content of the principle of equality and the principle of prohibition of discrimination in the legal system of the Russian Federation and the United States, considering types and grounds of discrimination, and identification of their classifications; identification of factors that cause discrimination at work in Russia and the United States, as well as to exploration of ways to combat and protect against discrimination and identification of its features in the Russian Federation and the United States; investigation of features of proving discrimination at work in the Russia and the United States, as well as identification of differences in the mechanism of proving discrimination. In this research, the author drew conclusions about the peculiarities of the legal regulation of prohibition of discrimination in the sphere of work. In addition, proposals to improve the effectiveness of combating discrimination in the field of work, as well as to improve ways to combat it, were given.