Factors and Mechanisms of Organizational Resilience of Educational Institutions to External Influences

The global COVID-19 pandemic has led to a reassessment of the foundations of human life and the functioning of companies. Forced informatization of all types of activities, the accumulation of large amounts of information and the acceleration of the transition to new technologies and processes (in particular AI and information systems) have become a new modern reality. Moreover, the establishing of various restrictions, a reduction in the amount of available resources, a drop in consumer demand, and, finally, the transition of employees to remote work, forced managers to adapt to the new business environment and quickly change working methods. Companies are faced with a new global challenge – the revision of the understanding of how organizations function and are managed in a “normal” mode in a “post-covid” space. Virtual teams of employees have completely new organizational dynamics and methods of interaction within the team. The separation of people and a qualitative change in their communication influenced not only the feeling of community and positive interactions between employees, but also the resilience of the organization in the face of external crises. To assess the stability of organizations to external shocks we use the term "Resilience" (not “Recovery” or “Coping”). Organizations are more resilient at surviving shocks when there is increased interaction between individuals and teams within the company – the high level of social capital (Giustiniano L., 2018). Concepts and typologies of social capital have been proposed by P.Bourdieu (1986), J.S. Coleman (1988), I.Serageldin (1996); J.Nahapiet and S.Ghoshal (1998), S.Cote and T.Healy (2001), P.S.Adler and S.Kwon (2002), etc. In this study, we use the classification of social capital by dimensions: structural, relational and cognitive, and also consider the fourth component – external civic engagement. They are used to develop own questionnaire to measure the level of social capital of an employee of an educational organization. The novelty and significance of this study are based on a comprehensive analysis of the organization design of resilience of educational institutions in the face of unanticipated global crises for the purpose of identifying the factors of resilience of educational organizations with different types of management (research goal), assessing the level of cohesion of the teaching staff (pedagogical goal) and generalizing recommendations for school principals (practical goal).