Mistakes of People Learning Russian in Constructions With particle “lʲi” Against the Background of Fluctuations in the Norm among Native Russian Speakers

The main objective of this thesis is to study the mistakes in the use of constructions with a “li” particle, which are made by students who study Russian as a foreign language against the background of fluctuations in the norm among native Russian speakers. The source of information on which this study was conducted is two corporas of texts: the National Corpus of the Russian Language and the Russian Learner Corpus. Examples of sentences were selected from the oral and newspaper subcategories of the National Corpus of the Russian language, in which there is a fluctuation of the norm in constructions with an indirect question among the speakers of the Russian language. Examples of sentences with mistakes in written or oral speech made by foreign students were selected from the Russian Learner Corpus. Each of the examples was marked by the type of mistake, as well as by the dominant language of the student who made a mistake. To understand whether a mistake is the cause of tracing from the student's native language, an analysis was made for comparing the grammar of the structure in Russian and English, as well as in Russian and Finnish, as the dominant examples were examples with mistakes made by native speakers of English and Finnish. It was found that mistakes made by native speakers of English are observed in simple indirect questions, in indirect questions with a touch of doubt, uncertainty, as well as in indirect questions with a “ne” particle in the subordinate part of the sentence. The reason for making mistakes in these constructions was the tracing of constructions from the native language of native English speakers. The mistakes made by students whose native language is Finnish are of two types: mistakes in simple indirect questions, and mistakes in indirect questions with a touch of doubt, uncertainty. It was also found that there is a fluctuation in the grammar of indirect questions among native Russian speakers. The norm is violated both in simple indirect questions with a “li” particle, and in indirect rhetorical questions and indirect questions with a touch of doubt. However, to make more straightforward conclusions about changing the grammar of indirect questions in Russian, it is necessary to conduct additional research.